China...
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Overview:
For centuries China stood as a leading civilization, outpacing the rest of the
world in the arts and sciences, but in the 19th and early 20th centuries, the
country was beset by civil unrest, major famines, military defeats, and foreign
occupation. After World War II, the Communists under MAO Zedong
established an autocratic socialist system that, while ensuring China's
sovereignty, imposed strict controls over everyday life and cost the lives of
tens of millions of people. After 1978, his successor DENG Xiaoping and other
leaders focused on market-oriented economic development and by 2000
output had quadrupled. For much of the population, living standards have
improved dramatically and the room for personal choice has expanded, yet
political controls remain tight.
Population: 1,306,313,812
Location:
Eastern Asia, bordering the East China Sea, Korea Bay, Yellow Sea, and South
China Sea, between North Korea and Vietnam
Map references:
Asia
Area:
Total Area: 9,596,960 sq km
Land Area: 9,326,410 sq km
Comparative Area: slightly smaller than the US
Capital:
Beijing
National holiday:
Anniversary of the Founding of the People's Republic of China, 1 October
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